Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Credit Card Processing Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support. The C/C Language Reference describes the syntax, semantics, and IBM implementation of the C and C programming languages. AVR GCC has three available compilers for the AVR: C language, C, and Ada. The compiler itself does not assemble or link the final code. GCC is also known as a 'driver' program, in that it knows about, and drives other programs seamlessly to create the final output. C and C Language Syntax Reference. Most of the notes in this reference conform to both C and C. When a syntax distinction between C and C exists, it is explicitly noted. Some elements are listed under multiple categories, in which case all but the primary reference have listed with an @ sign. Flow Control If statement.

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Title: The C Programming Language - Reference Manual Author: Bjarne Stroustrup Subject: C Release E, AT&T Bell Laboratories, November 1984 Created Date.

This reference explains the C++ programming language as implemented in the Microsoft C++ compiler. The organization is based on The Annotated C++ Reference Manual by Margaret Ellis and Bjarne Stroustrup and on the ANSI/ISO C++ International Standard (ISO/IEC FDIS 14882). Microsoft-specific implementations of C++ language features are included.

For an overview of Modern C++ programming practices, see Welcome Back to C++.

See the following tables to quickly find a keyword or operator:

In This Section

Lexical Conventions
Fundamental lexical elements of a C++ program: tokens, comments, operators, keywords, punctuators, literals. Also, file translation, operator precedence/associativity.

Basic Concepts
Scope, linkage, program startup and termination, storage classes, and types.

Standard Conversions
Type conversions between built-in, or 'fundamental,' types. Also, arithmetic conversions and conversions among pointer, reference, and pointer-to-member types.

Operators, Precedence and Associativity
The operators in C++.

Expressions
Types of expressions, semantics of expressions, reference topics on operators, casting and casting operators, run-time type information.

Ansi C Language Reference Manual Pdf

Lambda Expressions
/doctor-who-episode-list.html. A programming technique that implicitly defines a function object class and constructs a function object of that class type.

Statements
Expression, null, compound, selection, iteration, jump, and declaration statements.

Declarations and Definitions
Storage-class specifiers, function definitions, initializations, enumerations, class, struct, and union declarations, and typedef declarations. Also, inline functions, const keyword, namespaces.

Classes, Structures, and Unions
Introduction to classes, structures, and unions. Also, member functions, special member functions, data members, bit fields, this pointer, nested classes.

Derived Classes
Single and multiple inheritance, virtual functions, multiple base classes, abstract classes, scope rules. Also, the __super and __interface keywords.

Member-Access Control
Controlling access to class members: public, private, and protected keywords. Friend functions and classes.

Overloading
Overloaded operators, rules for operator overloading.

Exception Handling
C++ exception handling, structured exception handling (SEH), keywords used in writing exception handling statements.

Assertion and User-Supplied Messages
#error directive, the static_assert keyword, the assert macro.

Templates
Template specifications, function templates, class templates, typename keyword, templates vs. macros, templates and smart pointers.

Event Handling
Declaring events and event handlers.

Microsoft-Specific Modifiers
Modifiers specific to Microsoft C++. Memory addressing, calling conventions, naked functions, extended storage-class attributes (__declspec), __w64.

Ansi C Language Reference Manual

Inline Assembler
Using assembly language and C++ in __asm blocks.

Compiler COM Support
A reference to Microsoft-specific classes and global functions used to support COM types.

Microsoft Extensions
Microsoft extensions to C++.

Nonstandard Behavior
Information about nonstandard behavior of the Microsoft C++ compiler.

Welcome Back to C++
An overview of modern C++ programming practices for writing safe, correct and efficient programs.

Related Sections

Component Extensions for Runtime Platforms
Reference material on using the Microsoft C++ compiler to target .NET.

C/C++ Building Reference
Compiler options, linker options, and other build tools.

C/C++ Preprocessor Reference
Reference material on pragmas, preprocessor directives, predefined macros, and the preprocessor.

Visual C++ Libraries
A list of links to the reference start pages for the various Microsoft C++ libraries.

See also